EBCOG Part 1 2 Weeks Crash Course Biostatistics and Hot topics Day 1 EMQ

A. Unpaired t test
B. Paired t test
C. Mann Whitney U test
D. Wilcoxan sign rank test
E. One-way ANOVA
F. Kruskal Wallis test
G. Chi square test
H. RCT intention to treat analysis
I. Pearson’s correlation test
J. Spearman correlation test
K. Simple linear regression
L. Multiple regression
M. Percentage difference
N. Logistic regression

1. We want to find the relationship between doppler vein measurement (normally distributed) and pre-eclampsia, after other factors like age, parity, BMI are taken into consideration

2.To find the effect of change in maternal BMI on fetal birth weight (normal distribution)

3.To look for the different outcomes of pregnancy in relation to BMI.

4.To measure the difference between expected and observed outcome of breech delivery and type of delivery in a follow up study.

5.To find the relationship between fetal weight and maternal age (normal distribution)

6.To fond the difference in Hb before and after delivery

A. Unpaired t test
B. Paired t test
C. Mann whitney U test
D. Wilcoxan sign rank test
E. One way ANOVA
F. Kruskal Wallis test
G. Chi square test
H. Fischer’s exact test
I. Pearson’s correlation test
J. Spearman correlation test
K. Simple linear regression
L. Multiple regression
M. Percentage difference
Lead in
Study was conducted to assess if BMI was higher in 200 women with GDM compared to those without. BMI and FPG were normally distributed. They estimated height, weight, Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, Insulin level. They also noted down family history of DM, previous history of GDM and Insulin resistance by HOMA IR.
7. Which test is appropriate for establishing that BMI was in fact higher in women with GDM in the above study?

8.Which test is appropriate to find the strength of association between FPG and BMI in the above study?

9.Which study is appropriate to find the strength of association between HOMA IR and family history of GDM?

A. Meta analysis
B. Cohort study
C. Case series
D. Case control
E. Cross sectional observation study
F. RCT
G. Survey
H. Census
I. Non randomized trial
J. Review
K. Systematic review
L. Diagnostic accuracy study

Lead in:
The following are some of the study designs. Read the scenario and choose the study design.
10. Two groups of patients, those with lung cancer and those without, were compared to determine the degree of smoking. 85% of lung cancer and 50% of those without were smokers. OR was 1.7. What is this study design?

11.Out of a total 2,497 pregnant women with a gestation age of less than 12 weeks, 2,356 women with singlet pregnancies were selected. Data at gestation outcome were available for 2,177 women. Medical and social factors were evaluated and blood coagulation screening was performed in women in the first trimester. The foallowing obstetrical complications were evaluated after 28 weeks of gestation: preeclampsia, abruptio placentae, preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine hypoxia. Women with late obstetrical complications were found to have high risk of blood viscosity and an high risk of coagulation potential early in pregnancy.

12. Which type of studies qualifies as level IV level of evidence?

13.The CONSORT statement applies to which type of studies?

14. High quality multicenter RCT was included and the data was further statistically analysed to find the effectiveness of a particular drug. This belongs to highest level of evidence. What is this study design?

15. The aim of this study was to assess women's knowledge of obstetric danger signs and factors associated with this knowledge. From April to October 2015, a non-random, convenience sample of 372 women in their first year postpartum were recruited. Knowledge of obstetric danger signs was found to be low. What is this study design?

A. Single blind Randomised clinical trial
B. Retrospective cohort study
C. Prospective cohort study
D. Case control study
E. Cross sectional study
F. Census
G. Case report
H. Case series
I. Ambispective cohort study
J. Non randomized controlled trial
K. Double blinded randomized controlled trial
L. Open labelled randomized controlled trial
M. Cross sectional Diagnostic accuracy study
N. Ecological study
O. Longitudinal study design
P. Correlational study design
Scenario:
16. A study was made of a clinician's ability to diagnose streptococcal throat infections in 149 patients coming to the emergency department in a certain hospital. The doctor's clinical impressions were compared to results of throat cultures or group A streptococcus. 37 patients had positive throat cultures and 27 of these were diagnosed by doctor as having strep throat. 112 patients had negative cultures, and the doctors diagnosed 35 of these as having strep throat. What is this type of study design?

17.A study was made to find the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in 11 countries. They also took the dietary habits of the people in those countries. finding that total fat and total energy (caloric) supply were strongly correlated with prevalence, while fish and cereals/grains were inversely correlated (i.e., protective). What type of study design is this?

18.This trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of yoghurt consumption and increased daily walking in reducing GDM incidence in high-risk pregnant women. High-risk pregnant women with at least one risk factor for developing GDM were randomized to either yoghurt, daily walking, both or standard antenatal care. Participants were followed until 32 weeks of gestation with total active intervention lasting for a minimum of 16 weeks. The primary endpoint was GDM.

19.In a study, hospitals or maternity clinics registered as institutions and maintained a registry were sent a questionnaire that categorized the subjects on the methods used to prevent maternal VTE (venous thromboembolism) onset. Also using the register, the incidence of VTE was noted. Risk of VTE in those whom were not given any preventive measures for VTE was calculated. What type of study design is this?

20.Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a condition presenting as a major health problem for women of childbearing age. This study aimed to identify potential risk factors for EP and to evaluate the contribution of the risk factors associated to EP. women diagnosed with EP and those who delivered were given questionnaire that recorded information included surgical, gynecological, obstetrics, sexual, contraceptive, and infectious histories; demographic characteristics; smoking habits. What type of study design is this?

21.A study was done to assess fertility and obstetric outcomes in women treated with curettage or undergoing expectant management for an incomplete miscarriage after misoprostol treatment. Pregnant women entered the study by responding to an advertisement or by referral from a maternity care provider. What type of study design is this?

22.A study collected demographic, pregnancy, and epidemic information from our pregnant subjects, along with their attitudes towards COVID‐19 (using a self‐constructed five‐point scale). The Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to assess anxiety status. Obstetric decision‐making was also evaluated. It was concluded that prevalence of antenatal anxiety was more in women with COVID-19. What type of study design is this?

23.A study was done to assess the prevalence and risk factor profile of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS screening was based on questionnaires. Blood samples for hormonal analysis were collected from those with probable and definitive PCOS cases. Women with menstrual irregularities (MI), hyperandrogenism (HA), and polycystic ovaries (PCO) (Rotterdam criteria) were included. Females with thyroid disease, hyperprolactinemia, and adrenal hyperplasia were excluded. Which type of study design is this?

24.The aim of the study was to investigate the association between thyroid function trajectories and obstetric outcomes. Thyroid function parameters (TSH and fT4), thyroid peroxidase antibody and human chorionic gonadotrophin were assessed at 12, 20 and 28 weeks gestation. Moreover, at these three time points women filled out questionnaires assessing demographic and obstetric features, life style habits and psychological and social variables, such as depressive symptoms, personality, partner relationship quality and burnout. Data from the obstetric records were also collected.

25.You develop a new scale to measure loneliness in young children based on anecdotal evidence during lockdowns. To validate this scale, you need to test whether it’s actually measuring loneliness. You collect data on loneliness using three different measures, including the new scale, and test the degrees of correlations between the different measurements. Finding high correlations means that your scale is valid. Which type of study design is this?