EBCOG Part 1 -Early pregnancy

1.With regards to recurrent miscarriage:

A It is defined as three or more consecutive miscarriages after 24 weeks of gestation

B It is unexplained with regards to aetiology in nearly 80% of women attending recurrent miscarriage clinics

C Robertsonian translocation is the most frequent chromosomal abnormality found in women with recurrent miscarriage

D There is a definite association with arcuate uterus and recurrent miscarriage

E Women with syphilis have a very high incidence of recurrent early miscarriage

2. With regards to miscarriage:

A Sporadic miscarriage occurs in approximately 25% of all clinically recognised pregnancies

B The incidence of sporadic miscarriage increases with increasing paternal age

C Most early miscarriages are due to chromosomal abnormalities

D Miscarriage is defined as loss of intrauterine pregnancy after 28 weeks of gestation

E In endemic areas, malaria in non-immune women has been associated with recurrent miscarriage

3.With regards to methotrexate in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy:

A It is highly effective in treating ectopic pregnancy because proliferating trophoblastic tissue is very sensitive to the action of this drug

B Single dose regimens are as effective as multiple dose regimens with fewer side effects

C There is an increase in the rate of miscarriage following treatment with methotrexate for ectopic pregnancy

D It can be used to treat patients with persistent trophoblastic disease following salpingotomy

E It can be safely used in women with hepatic dysfunction

4.With regards to gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD):

A In a partial mole, the fertilisation of a diploid oocyte occurs by two haploid sperms

B In a complete mole, the fertilisation of an empty oocyte occurs by one sperm which duplicates its genetic material

C The risk of developing GTD is highest in women with blood group ‘A’

D The risk of malignant change is higher with complete mole compared with partial mole

E The risk of recurrent molar pregnancy is around 1%

5.With regards to miscarriage:

A Anti-D immunoglobulin should be given when spontaneous miscarriageoccurs at 5 weeks of pregnancy

B Threatened miscarriage is defined as any bleeding from the genital tract before 24 completed weeks of pregnancy in the context of opened internal cervical os and viable pregnancy

C Incomplete miscarriage is defined as the passage of some products of conception from the uterus

D Complete miscarriage is defined as the passage of all products of conception from the uterus

E Early fetal demise and missed miscarriage are interchangeable terms